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This is a voting system which is designed to achieve proportional representation thorough preferential voting. Under STV, an elector’s vote is initially allocated to his/her most preferred candidate, and then after the candidate is either elected or eliminated, any surplus or unused vote are transferred to according to voter’s stated preference. The system minimizes “wasted” votes, provides approximately proportional representation, and enables votes to be explicitly cast for individual candidates rather than for closed party lists. It achieves this by using multi-seat constituencies (voting district) and by transferring votes to other eligible candidates that would otherwise wasted on sure losers and sure winners. Voting: In STV each voter ranks the list of candidates in order of preference. In other words, the voter places a “1” beside their most preferred candidate, a “2” beside their second preferred candidate, and so on. The ballot paper submitted by the voters therefore c...

How are votes calculated for Presidential Election? President of India is elected by Electoral College . Composition: The college is made up of the following: Elected members of the Rajya Sabha Elected members of the Lok Sabha Elected members of the State Legislative Assembly Elected members of each Union Territory possessing Assembly President Election in India involves proportional representation from respective states. The number of votes assigned to a voter from a state assembly is decided as follows: In other words, value is number of thousand of votes represented by him. Thus indirectly, the entire population casts vote. Suppose we have a fictitious nation and it has following two states: St ate No. of Assembly Seats Population Vote Value of each MLA Total vote from State Bihar 40 10000000 250 10000 Chandigarh 5 100000 20 100 For Bihar, Since ...

Regulating Act, 1773 It was the first attempt by the British Parliament to regulate the affairs of the East India Company Governor of Bengal became Governor General for all British territories in India Governor General had a Council of 4 members to assist him in administration Bombay and Madras Presidencies were subordinated to Bengal Presidency Supreme Court was set up at Calcutta having jurisdiction over British subjects Amending Act, 1781 Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court was defined Governor-General-in-Council was made the final court of appeal from provincial court. Pitt's India Act, 1784 East India Company's Court of Directors (consisting of 24 members) was left with the responsibilities of only commercial affairs of the company Board of Control consisting of 6 Parliamentary Commissioners was constituted to control civil, military and revenue affairs of East India Company in India. Court of Directors had to comply with the orders and directio...